Effective January 25, 2016, NIH has established a formal initiative that requires most NIH and AHRQ research grant applications to comply with the NIH Policy on Rigor and Reproducibility.

For more information, see the official notice: http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-16-011.html

This guide contains resources and tools that will help biomedical researchers to meet Rigor and Reproducibility Requirements from NIH. 

• Enhancing Research Reproducibility is a collection of recommendations from FASEB that resulted from roundtable discussions. This document discusses overarching topics, mouse and other animal models, and antibodies
• Global Biological Standards Institute (GBSI) GBSI is a non-profit organization dedicated to enhancing the quality of biomedical research by advocating best practices and standards to accelerate the translation of research breakthroughs into life-saving therapies.  GBSI has assembled some key publications.
• Neuronline- Resources to enhance Scientific rigor  in Neuroscience and Research Practices for scientific Rigor

Science Signaling

• Criteria for Biological Reproducibility: What does "n" Mean?
• An Analysis of Critical Factors for Quantitative Immunoblotting
• Quantitative Mass Spectrometry of Posttranslational Modifications: Keys to Confidence

Statistics and Computational Analysis Specific for Biologists

• Statistics for Biologists is a collection of articles addressing important statistical issues that biologists should be aware of and provides practical advice to help them improve the rigor of their work.
• Computing Workflow for Biologist: A Roadmap by Ashley Shade and Tracey K. Teal
• Best Practices for Computational Science: Software Infrastructure and Environments for Reproducible and Extensible Research
• Beyond Rigor: Appropriate Analysis by Patricia Campbell and Eric Jolly

Chemical Probes and Biomarkers

• The Promise and Peril of Chemical Probes - Chemical probes are powerful reagents with increasing impacts on biomedical research. However, probes of poor quality or that are used incorrectly generate misleading results. To help address these issues a community driven wiki-resource has been created to improve quality and convey current best practices. 
• Biomarkers, EndpointS, and Other Tools (BEST) Resource from NIH and FDA

Resources for Considering Sex as a Biological Variable

• Methods and Techniques for Integrating the Biological Variable Sex into Preclinical Research from NIH
• Applying the new SABV (sex as a biological variable) policy to research and clinical care by Janine Austin Clayton
• How to study the impact of sex and gender in medical research: a review of resources by Alyson J. McGregor, et. al.
• Studying both sexes: a guiding principle for biomedicine by Janine Austin Clayton
• Age and Sex in Drug Development and Testing for Adults by Cara Tannenbaum and Danielle Day

Select a Repository for your Data/Supplemental Materials

• Consult this guide

NIH suggests "applicants proposing to use cell lines could describe the method they plan to use to verify the identity and purity of the lines, which might include short tandem repeat (STR) profiling and mycoplasma testing." Below are some resources for writing an authentication plan and procedures for authenticating cell lines.

Guidelines and Resources from Professional Organizations

• Global Biological Standards Institute (GBSI)
• International Cell Line Authentication Committee (ICLAC)

Literature Review

• Know Thy Cells: Improving Biomedical Research Reproducibility by Leonard P. Freedman
   
• Changing the Culture of Cell Culture: Applying Best Practices and Authentication to Ensure Scientific Reproducibility by Leonard P. Freeman, Mark C. Gibson and Richard M. Neve
   
• Cell Line Authentication Demystified by Vivien Marx
   
• Standards for Cell Line Authentication and Beyond Jamie L. Almeida, Kenneth D. Cole and Anne L. Plant
   
• Recommendation of Short Tandem Repeat Profiling for Authenticating Human Cell Lines, Stem Cells, and Tissues by Rita Barallon, et. al.
   
• A Resource for Cell Line Authentication, Annotation and Quality Control by Mamie Yu, et. al.

Specific for Non-Human Cell Lines

• Authentication for non-human cell lines from ICLAC
   
• Mouse Cell Line Authentication by Jamie L. Almeida, Carolyn R. Hill and Kenneth D. Cole

Checklists and Validation Methods

• Global Biological Standards Institute (GBSI)
• Approaches to Validation (GBSI)

Resources from Manufacturers

• Improving Reproducibility: Best Practices for Antibodies from Sigma Aldrich

Literature Review

• Antibody Validation" by Jennifer Bordeaux, et. al.
   
• Standardize Antibodies used in Research by Andrew Bradbury and Andreas Plückthun
   
• A Proposal for Validation of Antibodies by Mathias Uhlen et. al.

The following resources and guidelines are for researchers who acquire images and use software image like Photoshop.

• "Avoiding Twisted Pixels: Ethical Guidelines for the Appropriate use and Manipulation of Scientific Digital Images" By Douglas Cromey
   
• "Seeing is Believing? A Beginners' Guide to Practical Pitfalls in Image Acquisition" by Alison North
   
• Online Learning Tool for Research Integrity and Image Processing from ORI
   
• "What's in a Picture? The Temptation of Image Manipulation"by Mike Rossner and Kenneth M. Yamada [Specific for blots, gels, and micrographs]